February 2025

Sociology of Education – Its Nature | Scope | Aims and Importance |

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Sociology of Education - Its Nature | Scope | Aims and Importance |

Sociology of Education

Here You will get all the answer about the Nature, Scopes, Aims and Importance of Sociology of Education.

1. Concept of Sociology of Education.

Ans: Sociology of Education is the application of sociological theories, perspectives, and research methods of educational process and practices. It is the study of how public institutions and individual experiences affect education and its outcome. It is mostly concerned with the public schooling systems of modern industries societies, including the expansion of higher, further, adult, and continuing education.

In briefly, Sociology of Education is that branch which provides a sociological base of education and it evolves new social theories based on the analysis of interactions between individuals and the various institutions both formal and informal education.

2. Definition of Sociology of Education.

Ans: According to Ottaway, “The Sociology of Education may be defined as a study of the relationship between education and society.”

3. Enumerated the Nature and Characteristics of Sociology of Education.

Or

Enumerated the scope of Sociology of Education.

Ans: The Nature and Characteristics of Sociology of Education are enumerated in the following below:

(i) Sociology of education is one of the specialised spirits of sociological inquiry.

(ii) It applies the sociological principles in the educational fields.

(iii) It is both a philosophical as well as sociological concepts.

(iv) Sociology of education analysis the interaction of individuals and various educational institutions such as formal, informal, and non-formal.

(v) It studies the functional relationship between education and other institutions such as economy, polity, religion, and kindship.

(vi) It makes studies of school organization and the relation between schools and social structure, especially social class, family, and neighbourhood.

(vii) Sociology of education also includes the analysis of the relationship of the educational system to other aspects of society.

(viii) It is the scientific analysis which studies the social process and social patterns involves in the educational system.

(ix) Sociology of education studies education as an agent of transmission of culture.

(x) It seeks to bring out suitable ways for upliftment and progress of the society with quality education.

4. Enumerated the aims and objectives in teaching sociology of education.

Ans: The aims and objectives in teaching sociology of education are briefly enumerated below:

(i) To acquire knowledge about school work and the work of teachers in relation to society and social progress.

(ii) To study the effects of social elements on the school and to acquire knowledge about the effects of social elements on individual.

(iii) To construct curriculum of education with full understanding of the economy and cultural tendencies of society.

(iv) To gain knowledge about the democratic ideologies.

(v) To employ research techniques for achieving the aims of educational sociology.

(vi) To study the social importance of education.

5. Discuss about the values and importance of Sociology of Education.

Ans: Social consciousness is the essential bases of education. It needs to be developed more and more for properly organizing the various aspects of education, with the main purpose of sociology of education. Sociology is now regarded as a social dynamic, progressive process which aims at achieving social planning, social change, and social reconstruction.

Sociology of education is important and most valuable aspects in education system for the following reasons:

(i) Stress on professional or Vocational education:

The sociology of education race stress on enabling the child earn his livelihood through professional and vocational education.

(ii) Opposition to individualism:

The sociology of education was born out of reaction to individualism. It spaces the importance of education is against the individual.

(iii) Social progress as the aims of education:

Social welfare of the aim ascribed to education by the sociological tendency, children should be trained only for this through a system of free and compulsory education. This should make them responsible members of society.

(iv) Faith in democracy:

The sociology of education also evidence faith in democracy. In a democracy, education is based on the success of democracy depends upon the education of its members.

(v) Clarification of social progress or problem:

The sociology of education clarifies social problems and suggest ways and means of solving them through education. Many social reforms can be brought about by education and it can create and entirely new generation which may be free of the defects inherent in the older generation.

(vi) Raising the standard of social sciences:

The sociological aim of education is to raise the standard of social life by achieving the child’s comprehensive development. Education must trained the individual to fulfil his social responsibilities.

(vii) Importance of social sciences:

The sociology of education is being attached to the social sciences, so that the child can understand social phenomena and problems and thus be enable to make some positive contribution to social welfare.

(viii) Importance to social life in the school:

Social life within the school has been recognized as importance because of the sociology of education. It is now suggested that authorities should encouraged the formation of committee’s which trained the child for better social life.

(ix) Education as an agent of social progress:

According to sociologist, education is the based means of social control, social change, and social progress. All social changes that may become necessary for social progress can be easily brought about through education. Education becomes a measure of social control because educational sociologist the individual.

(x) Functional importance of education in relation to various aspects:

Sociology of education also helps to studies the functional importance of education and its relation with the various aspects of the society like economy, religion, kinship, culture polity etc.

(xi) Helps in understanding the national and international culture:

Sociology of education also plays an active role in understanding the national and international culture for making the society a better place to live in.

(xi) Helps to produce democratic citizens:

With the assistance of sociology of education, it is possible to produce democratic citizens with moral values, ethical concepts, aesthetic feelings, knowledgeable minds, and ensuring better human relations with better motivations.

(xii) Helps to develops creative and positive attitude towards society:

Sociology of education also helps to develop creative, and positive attitude towards education and society by developing decision making and problem solving abilities among individuals.

Conclusion:

Thus, to conclude we can that sociology of education helps to bringing about positive and desirable changes in the society with the helps of appropriate ways, means, and methods. Sociology of education stresses upon the social importance of education. The social importance of education is widely recognised today, especially in modern industrialized societies. In such societies education has become one of the means of acquiring social and technical skills. Education has come to be not only a way of training people to work in different fields but also a qualification for jobs in certain fields. It fits people for increasingly specialised roles and is very helpful in promoting social control, social order and its smooth functioning.

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Education Paper 2025

Here You will get Solution Education Question Paper 2025 for Class-12.

2025

EDUCATION

Full marks: 100

Pass marks: 30

Time: Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

No. 1 carries 1 marks each …………………. 1 x 12 = 12
No. 2 carries 2 marks each …………………. 2 x 12 = 24
No. 3 carries 4 marks each …………………. 4 x 10 = 40
No. 4 carries 6 marks each …………………. 6 x 4 = 24

Total = 100

1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1 x 12=12

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) The Indira Gandhi National Open University was established in __________.

Ans: 1985

(b) On the basis of the recommendation of __________ Commission Government of Assam decided to change some high schools into multiple school.

Ans: Secondary Education Commission 1952-53.

(c) Prior to ___________ Secondary education in Assam was controlled by the Gauhati University and Government of Assam.

Ans: 1962

(d) The concept of correspondence education was first introduced by ______ in 1840.

Ans: Issac Pitman

(e) The name of the largest Open University of the world is _______.

Ans: Indira Gandhi National Open University.

(e) World Environment Day is celebrated on ___________.

Ans: Every year 5^th June is celebrated as ‘World Environment Day’.

(f) Ivan Pavlov was a Russian Physiologist and __________.

Ans: Psychologist.

(g) Conditioning method of learning establishes bond between natural tendency and __________.

Ans: Artificial stimulus.

Give short answer in one sentence:

(h) Which Education Commission suggested the 10+2+3 structure of education?

Ans: Kothari Commission 1964-66.

(i) “Non formal education differs from formal education in the sense that it takes place outside the formal school system” -Who said this?

Ans: According to J.P Naik.

(j) “Physical education is the sum of changes in the individual caused by experiences centring motor activity.” Who said this?

Ans: According to Cassidy.

(k) “Learning is both acquisition and retention of habit, knowledge and attitudes.” Who said this statement?

Ans: According to Skinner.

(l) What is voluntary or volitional attention?

Ans: When an individual is physically and mentally ready to pay attention and he does it out of his own will, is called Voluntary or Volitional attention. For example: A student with strong will to shine in life will pay attention to his studies in spite of poverty.

(m) What is image memory?

Ans: The memory which depends purely on the image of past experience and learning retained in mind is called Image Memory. It requires high intelligence, creativity, imaginative ability of an individual.

(n) What is Mode?

Ans: The number of scores that occurs in the list several times which is known as Mode.

(o) Write the formula for finding out first quartile from groups data.

Ans: (Let check chapter 7).

2. Answer any twelve of the following questions? 2 x 12= 24

(a) Write two suggestions of Kothari Commission regarding education and productivity.

Ans: The two suggestions of Kothari Commission regarding ‘Education and Productivity’ are mentioned below:

i. The Kothari Commission suggested Education should be job oriented and greater importance should be given to education in agriculture, science, industrial and technical subjects.

ii. In place of bookish knowledge, Education greater importance should be attached to the acquisition of practical knowledge and skills.

(b) Write two importance of vocationalisation secondary education in the present context.

Ans: The two importance of vocationalization of secondary education are mention below:

i. It can solve the socio-economic problems including the problem of unemployment in the youths.

ii. It helps the state in making effective use of man power resources for country’s development.

(c) Write two objectives of “Operational Blackboard” scheme.

Ans: The two objectives of “Operational Blackboard” scheme are mention below:

(i) To provide minimum facilities in all primary education such as blackboards, two reasonably large classroom, maps, charts, and other essential materials.

(ii) To appoint at least two teachers in each primary schools in the beginning and afterwards more teachers may be appointed as new classes are added.

(d) Define the concept of physical education.

Ans: According to Cassidy, “Physical education is the sum of changes in the individual caused by experiences centring motor activity.”

(e) What do you mean by value education?

Ans: Value Education refers to the form of education that covers all aspects of personality development which endeavours the values of moral, aesthetic, intellectual, social and spiritual development for the good of the society and the individual life is called Value Education.

(f) Define the concept of women empowerment.

Ans: Women Empowerment refers to the process of providing power to women who have been suffering from various disabilities, inequalities and gender discrimination to become free from the control of others, to assume power to control her own life and to determine her own conditions is called Women Empowerment.

(g) Write two differences between maturation and learning.

Ans: The two difference between Maturation and Learning are mentioned below:

(i) Learning is a result of Environmental Stimulus. On the other hand, Maturation is biological in nature.

(ii) Maturation occurs due to neural and muscular development. On the other hand, Learning takes place through practice and experience.

(h) What do you mean by law of readiness in learning?

Ans: Law of readiness emphasizes the importance of readiness to learn. Readiness depends on maturation and experience of the learner simultaneously. When a pupil feels to learn, he or she can learn more quickly and effectively. But when he or she not ready to learn, he or she can-not learn effectively so that according to Thorndike physical readiness is necessary for learning.

(i) What is retention?

Ans: Retention means that how long a person can retain his past experience and recall them when it is required.

(j) What is retroactive inhibition?

Ans: S.S. Chauhan said, “Retro-active inhibition means that something works backward to block something else.”

(k) Write any two characteristics of attention.

Ans: The two characteristics of Attention are mentioned below:

i. Attention is not a mental power, but a mental activity.

ii. Attention is not paid to each and everything that stimulate our sense organs.

(l) Define the concept of mental health and hygiene.

Ans: Mental health’ very simply means the state of being mentally free from illness or injury. Where as, ‘Mental hygiene’ is a science that attempt to develop and apply principles and techniques for the preservation and promotion of mental health as well as for the prevention and treatment of mental disorder, disease and other abnormalities, leading to an adequate adjustment and balanced development of one’s personality.

(m) Write two objectives of mental hygiene.

Ans: The two objectives of mental hygiene are mentioned in the following ways:

i. To develop healthy human relationship and group interaction between personality development and life experiences.

ii. To prevention and improvement of the mental health of the individual and the group.

(n) Define the preventive function of mental hygiene.

Ans: Preventive function of mental hygiene refers to understand the causes and ways and means of preventive measures to overcome the problems concerning to mental illness, personality disorders and adjustment process of the human child. For example: problems like- insecurity, unlawfulness, ignorance, sickness, etc.

(o) Find the Median and Mode from the following data: 1 + 1=2

58, 42, 30, 64, 57, 42, 34, 53, 44 and 38

Ans: (Let check chapter 7).

(p) Write two merits of quartile deviation as a measure of variability.

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Education | Question Paper | Final Exam | 2025 | Class-12 |

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Education | Question Paper | Final Exam | 2025 | Class-12 |

Education Paper 2025

Here You will get Education Question Paper Final Exam 2025 for Class-12.

2025

EDUCATION

Full marks: 100

Pass marks: 30

Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

No. 1 carries 1 marks each …………………. 1 x 12 = 12
No. 2 carries 2 marks each …………………. 2 x 12 = 24
No. 3 carries 4 marks each …………………. 4 x 10 = 40
No. 4 carries 6 marks each …………………. 6 x 4 = 24

Total = 100

1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve)

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) The Indira Gandhi National Open University was established in __________.

(b) On the basis of the recommendation of __________ Commission Government of Assam decided to change some high schools into multiple school.

(c) Prior to ___________ Secondary education in Assam was controlled by the Gauhati University and Government of Assam.

(d) The concept of correspondence education was first introduced by ______ in 1840.

(e) The name of the largest Open University of the world is _______.

(f) World Environment Day is celebrated on ___________.

(g) Ivan Pavlov was a Russian Physiologist and __________.

(h) Conditioning method of learning establishes bond between natural tendency and __________.

Give short answer in one sentence:

(i) Which Education Commission suggested the 10+2+3 structure of education?

(j) “Non formal education differs from formal education in the sense that it takes place outside the formal school system” -Who said this?

(k) “Physical education is the sum of changes in the individual caused by experiences centring motor activity.” Who said this?

(l) “Learning is both acquisition and retention of habit, knowledge and attitudes.” Who said this statement?

(m) What is voluntary or volitional attention?

(n) What is image memory?

(o) What is Mode?

(p) Write the formula for finding out first quartile from groups data.

2. Answer any twelve of the following questions? 2 x 12= 24

(a) Write two suggestions of Kothari Commission regarding education and productivity.

(b) Write two importance of vocationalisation secondary education in the present context.

(c) Write two objectives of “Operational Blackboard” scheme.

(d) Define the concept of physical education.

(e) What do you mean by value education?

(f) Define the concept of women empowerment.

(g) Write two differences between maturation and learning.

(h) What do you mean by law of readiness in learning?

(i) What is retention?

(j) What is retroactive inhibition?

(k) Write any two characteristics of attention.

(l) Define the concept of mental health and hygiene.

(m) Write two objectives of mental hygiene.

(n) Define the preventive function of mental hygiene.

(o) Find the Median and Mode from the following data: 1 + 1=2

58, 42, 30, 64, 57, 42, 34, 53, 44 and 38

(p) Write two merits of quartile deviation as a measure of variability.

4. Answer any four of the following questions: 6 x 4=24

(a) What is environmental education? Discuss the principles of environmental education. 2+4=6

(b) What is population education? How can be the population education be imparted in educational institution? Discuss. 2 + 4=6

(c) What is connectionism in learning? Discuss the educative value of trial-and-error method of learning. 2 +4=6

(d) Describe the meaning and process of memory. Briefly discuss four marks of good memory. 2+4=6

(e) What is attention? Discuss the importance of attention and interest in education. 2=4=6

(f) What is Mean? Compute mean from the following distribution table by Assumed Mean Method: 1=5=6

Class Interval Frequency

65 – 69 2

60 – 64 3

55 – 59 4

50 – 54 7

45 – 49 8

40 – 44 16

35 – 39 9

30 – 34 4

25 – 29 3

20 – 24 2

15 – 19 2

N = 60

xxxxxxxx

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Education Paper 2024

Here You will get Solution of Education Question Paper 2024.

2024

EDUCATION

Full marks: 100

Pass marks: 30

Time: Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

No. 1 carries 1 marks each …………………. 1 x 12 = 12
No. 2 carries 2 marks each …………………. 2 x 12 = 24
No. 3 carries 4 marks each …………………. 4 x 10 = 40
No. 4 carries 6 marks each …………………. 6 x 4 = 24

Total = 100

1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1 x 12 = 12

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) The Chairman of Secondary Education Commission of 1952-53 was ____________.

Ans: Dr. Lakhsman Swami Mudaliar.

(b) Secondary Education Commission of Assam was controlled by Calcutta University since ________ to 1948.

Ans: 1926

(c) In the state of __________ the first Open University of India was established.

Ans: Andra Pradesh

(d) Absence of direct contact between teacher and student is an important characteristics of ____________ Education.

Ans: Non-formal Education.

(e) A German biologist _________ introduced the concept of ‘Environmental Consciousness’ in 1869.

Ans: Eames Macke

(f) The concept of ‘Population Education’ was developed by the American sociologist ___________ .

Ans: Prof. S.R. Wayland of Columbia University introduced the concept of ‘Population Education’.

(g) ‘Gestalt is a German word which means _________ or ‘total pattern’.

Ans: Whole

(h) In a polygon, frequencies are plotted on ____________ of the class interval.

Ans: Midpoint

Give Short Answer in one sentence :

(i) In which year Krishna Kanta Handique State Open University was established in Assam?

Ans: 2007

(j) From which year twelve – year school education course has been implemented in Assam?

Ans: Since 1973

(k) In which year National Policy for the Empowerment of Women was adopted in India?

Ans: In 2001

(l) “Learning is the modification of behaviour through experience training.” Who said this statement?

Ans: According to Gates.

(m) Who propounded the theory of Connectionism?

Ans: Edward Lee Thorndike

(n) What is the law of effect?

Ans: Law of effect means which indicates a thing that gives pleasure is easily learnt and a thing which gives some trouble is not learnt. It is known as law of pleasure and pain and also known as law of satisfaction and dissatisfaction.

(o) “Interest is the latent attention, and attention is interest in action.” Who said this statement?

Ans: William Mc. Dougal.

(p) Write the formula for finding out mean by ‘assumed mean’ method.

Ans: The formula for finding out mean by ‘assumed mean’ method is

M=A.M+ (∑fxꜘ)/N x I

2. Answer any twelve of the following questions : 2x 12 = 24

(a) Mention two important impact of Kothari Commission on the Secondary Education of Assam.

Ans: The two important impact of Kothari Commission on the secondary education of Assam are :

i. Secondary education should be job oriented and greater importance should be given to education in agriculture, science, industrial and technical subjects and also greater importance should be attached to the acquisition of practical knowledge or skills.

ii. It should be related to life and it can not afford to ignore the inculcation of social, moral and spiritual values.

(b) Write two importance of Non-formal Education.

Ans: The two importance of Non-formal Education are :

i. To provide life long education:

Non-formal education is helpful to create a learning society to provide life long education to all.

ii. To builds self confidence and decision making:

It helps individual with decision making and also helps to builds self confidence of an individual.

(c) Write two difference between Formal Education and Non-formal Education.

Ans: The two difference between Formal Education and Non-formal Education are:

i. Formal education has fixed concepts and contents in its curriculum. On the contrary, Non-formal education has a diversified curriculum responsive to the learner’s need.

ii. In formal education, duration of education is fixed and pre-scheduled, While duration of education is subjected to learners in non-formal education.

(d) Mention two needs of Population Education.

Ans: The two needs of Population Education are of which helps in the following below:

i. Population Education helps to make aware of the serious problems due to population explosion.

ii. It helps in establishing equality of sexes by helping women to acquire their rightful status and become equal partners in overall goal of accelerating the peace of socio-economic development.

(e) Mention two needs and importance of physical education.

Ans: The needs and importance of Physical Education are mentioned below:

i. Physical Education helps to play a vital role for the development of national integration.

ii. It helps in developing good relation among human beings like- cooperation, sympathy, poverty etc.

(f) Write two relations between maturation and learning.

Ans: The two relationship between Maturation and Learning are mentioned in the following below:

(i) Learning and Maturation both result in modification of behaviour.

(ii) Maturation provides readiness to learn.

(g) Write two subjective factors of learning.

Ans: The two subjective factors of learning are:

(i) Motivation:

Motivation refers to the internal state that derives the learner towards some goal. So that an individual motivation or the urge to learn brings about better learning. That is why, Motivation is one of the most important factor of learning.

(ii) Intertest and Attitude:

Interest and attitude are important factors for successful learning. We will learn faster if we interested in the material to be learnt. So that active intent to learn on the part of the learner is always better learning than passive attention given by them.

(h) What is habit memory?

Ans: The memory which is formed through physical repetition of an activity is known as habit memory.

(i) Write two mental causes of forgetting.

Ans: The two mental causes of forgetting which are briefly explain in the following below:

i. Learning without interest:

Lack of interest in learning and retaining images is very important causes of forgetting in which one can easily forgets those where he has no interest.

ii. Repression:

Repression means keeping down something by force where unfulfilled desires of mind, unpleasant experience of life are voluntarily pushed back into the unconscious level of mind which may cause mental forgetting. So that repression is a kind of voluntary forgetting.

(j) What is Voluntary or volitional attention?

Ans: When an individual is physically and mentally ready to pay attention and he does it out of his own will, is called Voluntary or Volitional attention.

(k) Write two characteristics of interest.

Ans: The two characteristics of Interest are mentioned below:

i. Interest is a inherent condition of attention.

ii. Interest may be innate or acquired.

(l) Write any two objectives of mental health.

Ans: The two objectives of Mental health are mentioned below in the following ways:

i. To develop healthy human relationship and group interaction between personality development and life experiences.

ii. To prevention and improvement of the mental health of the individual and the group.

(m) Write any two aims of mental hygiene.

Ans: The two aims of Mental hygiene are mentioned below:

i. It aims at developing personality to adjust properly with the environment.

ii. It also aims at preventing mental defects of an individual to develop a balanced and harmonious personality.

(n) What do you mean by measures of central tendency?

Ans: Measure of Central Tendency is the central value of a set of data which is defined as “the statistical measure that identifies a single as representative of an entire distribution.”

(o) Calculate mean and mode from the following data:

30, 48, 56, 64, 78, 82, 60, 50, 56, and 46

Ans: (Let check chapter 7 in details).

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Solve | 2023 | Education | Question Paper | Class-12 |

Education Paper 2023

2023

EDUCATION

marks: 100

Pass marks: 30

Time: Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

No. 1 carries 1 marks each …………………. 1 x 12 = 12
No. 2 carries 2 marks each …………………. 2 x 12 = 24
No. 3 carries 4 marks each …………………. 4 x 10 = 40
No. 4 carries 6 marks each …………………. 6 x 4 = 24

Total = 100

1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1x 12 = 12

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) On the basis of the recommendations of ____________ Commission Government of Assam constituted ‘Assam Higher Secondary Education Council’ in 1984.

Ans: Kothari Commission 1964-66.

(b) The word ‘Environment’ has been derived from the French word ____________ .

Ans: Environer

(c) German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche used the word ‘values’ for the first in ___________ .

Ans: 1880

(d) A student could solve a sum by himself through repeated attempts such learning is supported by ___________ method of learning.

Ans: Observation

(e) According to Gestalt Psychologist, learning is an intellectual activity that involves the power of ____________ , perception and insight of the learner.

Ans: Trial and Error method

(f) Stimulus has strong influence on _____________ attention.

Ans: Voluntary

Give Short Answer in one sentence :

(g) In which year the Government of India adopted ‘National Policy for the Empowerment of Women’ ?

Ans: In 2001

(h) What is sensory memory ?

Ans: The memory that we get from immediate sensory experiences is known as sensory memory. For example: A driving Car.

(i) What is retro-active inhibition ?

Ans: When newly learned information makes people forget old information is known as retro-active inhibition.

(j) What s Mode ?

Ans: The number of scores that occurs in the list several times which is known as Mode.

(k) Where did the first open school start in India ?

Ans: Noida, India / Uttar Pradesh

(l) Seven students appeared in a test of mathematics. Eight students failed in the test. The marks of the successful students wee- 44, 32, 65, 72, 78, 80, 38, 50 and 54. Calculate the median considering the marks of all students.

Ans: Let check chapter 7 in details.

(m) Write the formula for finding out mode from frequency distribution table.

Ans: the formula for finding out mode from frequency distribution table is –

Mode= 3 Median – 2 Mean

(n) What is voluntary or volitional attention.

Ans: When an individual is physically and mentally ready to pay attention and he does it out of his own will, is called Voluntary or Volitional attention.

(o) Who was the propounder of Classical Conditioning Theory of learning ?

Ans: Ivan Pavlov

2. Answer any twelve of the following questions : 2x 12 = 24

(a) Write two suggestions given by ‘Secondary Education Commission’ for development of personality of the students.

Ans: The two suggestions given by ‘Secondary Education Commission’ for development of personality of the students are:

(i) Man is a social animal, So he should have the spirit of cooperation, discipline, humility, love, kindness and the feeling of brotherhood.

(ii) For the development of personality, the curriculum must have the subjects like – science, literature, fine arts, humanities, music and dace which inculcate these virtues in students.

(b) Write two importance of vocationalisation of Secondary Education in India.

Ans: The two importance of vocationalization of secondary education are mention below:

i. It can solve the socio-economic problems including the problem of unemployment in the youths.

ii. It helps the state in making effective use of man power resources for country’s development.

(c) Write two merits of correspondence education.

Ans: The two merits of correspondence education are mentioned below:

i. It helps to reduce the pressure on the formal education.

ii. It also helps to fulfil the aspirations of the persons who were working and wish to enhance their qualification.

(d) Write two objectives of Environmental Education.

Ans: The two objectives of Environmental Education are mention below:

i. Awareness:

To develop an awareness of environment sensitivity (feeling and attitudes) to the total environment and its allied problems.

ii. Knowledge:

To help in acquiring knowledge and variety of experience of the environment and associated problems.

(e) Define the concept of women empowerment.

(f) Write the theory of connectionism in learning.

Ans:

(g) Mention any two stages involved in the process of memory.

Ans: The two stages involved in the process of memory are:

i. Learning or acquisition of Experience:

Memory can not occur without prior learning or acquisition of knowledge. One must have sensation and perception of objects, acquire knowledge and experience in order to recall them in future. So that, this is the first and most essential stage of memory.

ii. Retention or Retaining:

Memory depends to a great extend on retention. After a thing is learnt it is retained in the mind. The retentive power of different individual remain different. Without this retaining function, nobody can have memory. So that this is the second important stage in the process of memory.

(h) Write two objectives of mental hygiene.

Ans: The two objectives of Mental hygiene are mentioned below in the following ways:

i. To develop healthy human relationship and group interaction between personality development and life experiences.

ii. To prevention and improvement of the mental health of the individual and the group.

(i) Find the mean and mode from the following data:

52, 48, 30, 62, 58, 42, 38, 50

Ans: Let check chapter 7 in details.

(j) Write two merits of Mean as a measure of central tendency.

Ans: The two merits of Mean as a measure of central tendency are:

i. The Mean is rigid which is a quality of a good measure of central tendency.

ii. It is not only easy to understand but also very easy to calculate.

(k) Write two demerits of Median.

Ans: The two demerits of Median are:

(i) In ungrouped data, the arranging scores of the data in ascending or descending order of magnitude is time consuming in case of a large number of observations.

(ii)It is a positional average which does not consider the magnitude of all the items.

(l) “Forgetting is necessary for memory” – Give reasons.

Ans: It is true that forgetting is necessary for memory because we know that retentive capacity, which is so essential for memory of an individual and it is an inherited ability and hence it is limited. That is, why forgetting helps mind to push necessary and old ideas into unconsciousness and thus made space to learn and retain new experiences. Therefore, we can say that forgetting is necessary for memory.

(m) Mention two difference between maturation and learning.

Ans: The two difference between Maturation and Learning are mentioned below:

(i) Learning is a result of Environmental Stimulus. On the other hand, Maturation is biological in nature.

(ii) Maturation occurs due to neural and muscular development. On the other hand, Learning takes place through practice and experience.

(n) Write two objectives of Non-formal Education.

Ans: The two objectives of Non-formal Education are mentioned below:

i. To promote awareness for literacy programme for national and individual development.

ii. To establish national infrastructure needs and provide for manpower requirement.

(o) Write two principles of Environmental Education.

Ans: The two principles of Environmental Education are:

i. To help social groups and individuals so as to get an awareness and sensitivity to the total environment and its allied problems.

ii. To helps social groups and individuals so as to gain a variety of experiences in and get a basis understanding of the environment and its associated problems.

(p) What do you mean by value education ?

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Solve Education Paper 2022

Here You will get Solution of Education Paper 2022 for Class 12.

2022

EDUCATION

Full marks: 100

Pass marks: 30

Time: Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

No. 1 carries 1 marks each …………………. 1 x 12 = 12
No. 2 carries 2 marks each …………………. 2 x 12 = 24
No. 3 carries 4 marks each …………………. 4 x 10 = 40
No. 4 carries 6 marks each …………………. 6 x 4 = 24

Total = 100

1.Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1 x 12 = 12

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) Gauhati University was established in ___________ .

Ans: 1948

(b) In the year ___________ the Correspondence Education System was started in India.

Ans: 1962

(c) The World Environment Day is observed on ____________ .

Ans: Every year 5th June.

(d) Edward Lee Thorndike’s Trial and Error method of learning is also known as Theory of __________________ .

Ans: Connectionism.

(e) In a multiple choice question, a student can identify the correct answer with the help of ____________ process.

Ans: Recognition.

(f) All scores are taken into consideration in finding out __________ as measure of Central Tendency.

Ans: Mean

Give Short Answer in one sentence :

(g) What is Distance Education ?

Ans: Distance Education is nothing but it is a system of providing education which is imparted to students through mass media, correspondence courses and other audio-visual materials from a distance who are unable to attend classroom lecture and wished to enhance their qualification is known as Distance Education.

(h) “Learning is the acquisition of new behaviour or the strengthening and weakening of old behaviour as a result of experience.” Who said this statement ?

Ans: According to Smith.

(i) Who was the propounder of Classical Conditioning Theory of learning ?

Ans: Ivan Pavlov

(j) “Memory is the ideal revival…… in which the object of past experiences are reinstated as far as possible in the order and manner of their original occurrence.” Who said this ?

Ans: According to Stout.

(k) What is volitional or voluntary attention ?

Ans: When an individual is physically and mentally ready to pay attention and he does it out of his own will, is called Voluntary or Volitional attention.

(l) Write the formula for finding out Median from group data.

Ans: Let check Here in details.

2. Write two aims of Secondary Education recommended by Mudaliar Commission. 2

Ans: The two aims of Secondary Education recommended by Mudaliar Commission are:

i. Development of Personality:

As we know that man is a social animal, So he should have the spirit of cooperation, discipline, humility, love, kindness and the feeling of brotherhood. So, for the development of personality, the curriculum must have the subjects like – science, literature, fine arts, humanities, music and dace which inculcate these virtues in students.

ii. Education for Leadership:

Secondary Education should develop the quality of leadership in students. This quality is very necessary for the sake of democracy and for the development of the country as a whole in various fields of life, namely – social, cultural, political, industrial, etc.

3. Write two suggestions of Kothari Commission regarding education and productivity. 2

Ans: The two suggestions of Kothari Commission regarding ‘Education and Productivity’ are mentioned below:

i. The Kothari Commission suggested Education should be job oriented and greater importance should be given to education in agriculture, science, industrial and technical subjects.

ii. In place of bookish knowledge, Education greater importance should be attached to the acquisition of practical knowledge and skills.

4. Write two objectives of Non-formal Education. 2

Ans: The two objectives of Non-formal Education are mentioned below:

i. To promote awareness for literacy programme for national and individual development.

ii. To establish national infrastructure needs and provide for manpower requirement.

5. Write two significant aspects of Distance Education. 2

Ans: The two significant aspects of distance education are:

(a) Learner Centric Education.

(b) Indirect Education.

6. Write two principles of Environmental Education. 2

Ans: The two principles of Environmental Education are:

i. To help social groups and individuals so as to get an awareness and sensitivity to the total environment and its allied problems.

ii. To helps social groups and individuals so as to gain a variety of experiences in and get a basis understanding of the environment and its associated problems.

7. What do you mean by Value Education ? 2

8. Mention two differences between maturation and learning. 2

Ans: The two difference between Maturation and Learning are mentioned below:

(a) Learning is a result of Environmental Stimulus. On the other hand, Maturation is biological in nature.

(b) Maturation occurs due to neural and muscular development. On the other hand, Learning takes place through practice and experience.

9. Write two mental causes of forgetting. 2

Ans: The mental causes of forgetting which are briefly explain in the following below:

i. Learning without interest:

Lack of interest in learning and retaining images is very important causes of forgetting in which one can easily forgets those where he has no interest.

ii. Repression:

10. Mention two sources or factors that influence the interest of an individual. 2

Ans: The sources or factors that influence the interest of an individual are mentioned below:

(a) Age

(b) Intelligence

11. Mention two social qualities of a mentally healthy person. 2

Ans: The two social qualities of a mentally healthy person are:

(a) Socially well adjustment.

(b) Very confident in decision making.

12. Mention any two steps you have to follow for classifying scores into a frequency distribution table. 2

Ans: The two steps you have to follow for classifying scores into a frequency distribution table are:

i. Determination of Range:

Firstly, We should find out the range of raw scores. Range refers to the difference between the highest and the lowest scores.

ii. Class-Interval:

After finding the range, Secondly we should determined the class-interval. The class-interval depends upon the range and the number of interval required according to the range of the scores.

13. Find Mean and Median from the following the data: 1+1= 2

48, 45, 92, 56, 68, 85, 72, 74, 64, 90

14. Discuss four major problems of Secondary Education in Assam. 4

Ans: The four major problems of Secondary Education in Assam are briefly discussed below:

i. Inappropriate Curriculum:

The school curriculum is not appropriate, not related to the real and practical life to fulfil the needs of the students as well as of the society. This follow the curriculum mechanically without interest, curiosity, understanding or appreciations.

ii. Defective Text book:

The quality of text books, teachers guides and teaching materials is not satisfactory.

iii. Improper evaluation system:

The evaluation system of secondary education is not free from evil. It is basically dominated by external examination.

iv. Lack of capable teacher:

The quality of teaching stuff in schools is not satisfactory. In many of the privately managed schools the situation is dangerous.

15. Discuss four merits of Open Education System. 4

Ans: The merits and demerits of Open Education are mentioned below:

i. Admission system of the open education system is very easy and eligible criteria’s are flexible.

ii. Open Education system facilitates the people of remote areas, hilly areas, rural areas, dropouts, adult who are not entitled to get education in time.

iii. Open Education system supplied self learning material (SLM) to the learners so that it encourages the learner for self –study.

iv. Evaluation process of this system of education is continuous and comprehensive. It stressed on the self activities of the learners.

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Solve Education Paper 2020

Here is about Solution of 2020 Education Question Paper for Class-12

2020

EDUCATION

Full marks: 100

Pass marks: 30

Time: Three hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions.

No. 1 carries 1 marks each …………………. 1 x 12 = 12
No. 2 carries 2 marks each …………………. 2 x 12 = 24
No. 3 carries 4 marks each …………………. 4 x 10 = 40
No. 4 carries 6 marks each …………………. 6 x 4 = 24

Total = 100

1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1 x 12 = 12

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) The Indira Gandhi National Open University was established in ______________ .

Ans: 1985

(b) The name of the first secondary school Assam is ____________ .

Ans: Cotton Collegiate Government Higher Secondary School.

(c) The concept of ‘Population Education’ was developed by the American Sociologist ____________ .

(d) Gestalt is a _________ word which means ‘whole’ or ‘total pattern’.

Ans: German word

(e) The attention which is paid by an individual without any outside inferences or force is known as __________ attention.

Ans: Voluntary attention

(f) In a polygon, frequencies are plotted on _____________ .

Ans: Midpoint of class interval.

Give Short Answer in one sentence :

(g) Which Education Commission suggested the 10+2+3 structure of education ?

Ans: Kothari Commission 1964-66

(h) Who first introduced the concept of Correspondence Education system ?

Ans: Sir Isaac Pitman

(i) Write the name of the first Open University in India.

Ans: Dr. B.R Ambedkar Andra Pradesh Open University.

(j) What is logical memory ?

Ans: The memory which one learn and acquire experience using logical and analytical abilities to take into consideration the purposeful and insightful learning is called Logical Memory.

(k) “Interest is latent attention and attention is interest in action.” Who said this statement ?

Ans: William Mc. Dougal.

(l) Write the formula for finding out third quartile from grouped data.

Ans:

2. Write two aims of secondary education recommended by Secondary Education Commission 1952-53.

Ans: The two aims of secondary education recommended by Secondary Education Commission 1952-53

i. Development of Personality:

ii. Education for Leadership:

3. Write two importance of vocationalization of secondary education. 2

Ans: The two importance of vocationalization of secondary education are mention below:

i. It can solve the socio-economic problems including the problem of unemployment in the youths.

ii. It helps the state in making effective use of man power resources for country’s development.

4. Mention two salient features of Non-formal Education. 2

Ans: The two salient features of Non-formal Education are:

i. Non formal Education is organised education outside the formal education.

ii. It is a cost effective system of education

5. Why distance education is important for the present society ? 2

Ans: Distance education is important for the present society because of the following;

(i) It helps to provide higher education to those who wish to upgrade or acquire knowledge through in various fields.

(ii) It helps to develop knowledge and skills in different areas which are hitherto covered by formal education system.

(iii) It also helps to provide access to quality higher education to the people of the region who are deprived of higher education due to various reasons.

(iv) It helps to develop and provide easily accessible modes of quality higher education and training with the use of latest educational inputs and technology.

6. ‘Physical education leads to a healthy life’. Give two reasons. 2

Ans: Yes, it is true that physical education leads to a healthy life because-

(i) Physical education makes a man mentally healthy and makes strong personality.

(ii) It also helps to make an individual good relationship with the members of the society.

7. Write two importance of women empowerment. 2

Ans: The two importance of women empowerment are given below:

(i) Encouraging girls for all kinds of vocational, technical, and professional education as per their needs, interest and attitudes.

(ii) Inculcating the values of gender equality and gender justice through education should get priority in the educational system.

8. Write two subjective factors of learning. 2

Ans: The two subjective factors of learning are:

(i) Motivation:

(ii) Intertest and Attitude:

9. Write briefly the two types of law of exercise in learning. 2

Ans: The two types of laws of exercise in learning are briefly discussed below:

(i) Law of use:

It refers to the strengthening of connection with practice.

(ii) Law of disuse:

while it refers to the weakening of connection or forgetting when the practice is discontinued.

10. Write two marks of good memory. 2

Ans: The two marks of good memory are:

i. Rapidity or Ability to learn quickly and easily:

It means that how accurately a person can recall his experience. If he is able to do so that he has a good memory.

ii. Accuracy or Accurate and reproduction:

It means that how accurately a person can recall his past experience. If he is able to reproduce his past learning without any mistake, it means that he has a good memory.

11. Mention two points showing the relationship between education and mental hygiene. 2

Ans: The two points showing the relationship between education and mental health are mentioned below:

(i) Both education and mental health has specific importance for a better and balanced growth of personality.

(ii) For the progress of individual and social life both education and mental health should be quite sound. Without sound mental health, no individual can lead a peaceful life. For education also, there is the need of sound mental health.

12. Mention two importance of statistics in education. 2

Ans: The two importance of statistics in education are mention below:

(i) To make prediction:

It helps the teacher to render guidance to the students to make prediction regarding their future progress.

(ii) To know individual difference:

Statistics also helps to know individual difference of the students in terms of their academic performance.

13. Find the Mean and Median from the following data : 1+1=2

42, 28, 34, 52, 65, 71, 50, 56

Sociology of Education – Its Nature | Scope | Aims and Importance |

Sociology of Education - Its Nature | Scope | Aims and Importance |

Sociology of Education

1. Concept of Sociology of Education.

2. Definition of Sociology of Education.

3. Enumerated the Nature and Characteristics of Sociology of Education.

Or

Enumerated the scope of Sociology of Education.

4. Enumerated the aims and objectives in teaching sociology of education.

Archives

5. Discuss about the values and importance of Sociology of Education.

(i) Stress on professional or Vocational education:

(ii) Opposition to individualism:

(iii) Social progress as the aims of education:

(iv) Faith in democracy:

(v) Clarification of social progress or problem:

(vi) Raising the standard of social sciences:

(vii) Importance of social sciences:

(viii) Importance to social life in the school:

(ix) Education as an agent of social progress:

(x) Functional importance of education in relation to various aspects:

(xi) Helps in understanding the national and international culture:

(xi) Helps to produce democratic citizens:

(xii) Helps to develops creative and positive attitude towards society:

Conclusion:

Related Post Just Click Here: Educational Sociology and Its Nature, Scopes and Importance.

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Education Paper 2025

2025

EDUCATION

1. Answer the following questions: (any twelve) 1 x 12=12

Fill in the Blanks:

(a) The Indira Gandhi National Open University was established in __________.

(b) On the basis of the recommendation of __________ Commission Government of Assam decided to change some high schools into multiple school.

(c) Prior to ___________ Secondary education in Assam was controlled by the Gauhati University and Government of Assam.

(d) The concept of correspondence education was first introduced by ______ in 1840.

(e) The name of the largest Open University of the world is _______.

(e) World Environment Day is celebrated on ___________.

(f) Ivan Pavlov was a Russian Physiologist and __________.

(g) Conditioning method of learning establishes bond between natural tendency and __________.

Give short answer in one sentence:

(h) Which Education Commission suggested the 10+2+3 structure of education?

(i) “Non formal education differs from formal education in the sense that it takes place outside the formal school system” -Who said this?

(j) “Physical education is the sum of changes in the individual caused by experiences centring motor activity.” Who said this?

(k) “Learning is both acquisition and retention of habit, knowledge and attitudes.” Who said this statement?

(l) What is voluntary or volitional attention?

(m) What is image memory?

(n) What is Mode?

(o) Write the formula for finding out first quartile from groups data.

2. Answer any twelve of the following questions? 2 x 12= 24

(a) Write two suggestions of Kothari Commission regarding education and productivity.

(b) Write two importance of vocationalisation secondary education in the present context.

(c) Write two objectives of “Operational Blackboard” scheme.

(d) Define the concept of physical education.

(e) What do you mean by value education?

(f) Define the concept of women empowerment.

(g) Write two differences between maturation and learning.

(h) What do you mean by law of readiness in learning?

(i) What is retention?

(j) What is retroactive inhibition?

Archives

(k) Write any two characteristics of attention.

(l) Define the concept of mental health and hygiene.

(m) Write two objectives of mental hygiene.

(n) Define the preventive function of mental hygiene.

(o) Find the Median and Mode from the following data: 1 + 1=2

(p) Write two merits of quartile deviation as a measure of variability.

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Education | Question Paper | Final Exam | 2025 | Class-12 |

Education | Question Paper | Final Exam | 2025 | Class-12 |

Education Paper 2025

2025

EDUCATION